Rukyat bil ‘Ilmi sebagai Penentu Awal Ramadan dan Idulfitri
Abstract
Hadis nabi tentang penentuan awal Ramadan dan Syawal menggunakan rukyat berjumlah puluhan. Bahkan, jumhur ulama pun menyatakan bahwa rukyat adalah metode paling absah. Jika demikian, dimanakah posisi penggunaan hisab dalam penetapan awal Ramadan dan Syawal. Makalah ini berupaya menguraikan basis argumen dari penggunaan hisab dalam penentuan awal Ramadan dan Syawal dengan melakukan kajian pendekatan bahasa, tafsir dan ushul fiqh. Hisab tidak lain juga merupakan rukyat (melihat). Namun bukan bermakna melihat dengan mata kepala, tapi melihat dengan ilmu pengetahuan (rukyat bil ‘ilmi).
Kata Kunci: Hisab, Rukyat, Rukyat bil 'Ilmi, Awal Ramadan, Idulfitri, 'Illat Hukum.
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